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Energy Rate |
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Energy Rate |
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| Geothermal |
Geothermal Energy is heat (thermal) derived from the
earth (geo). It is the thermal energy contained in the
rock and fluid (that fills the fractures and pores
within the rock) in the earth's crust. These resources
can be classified as:
High temperature greater than 150°C used only for
electric power generation
Moderate temperature from 90°C - 150°C and Low
temperature less than 90°C.
Uses for low and moderate temperature resources can be
divided into two categories: direct use and
ground-source heat pumps.
Direct use: using the heat in the water directly without
a heat pump or power plant for heating of buildings,
industrial processes and greenhouses. Direct use
projects generally use resource temperatures between
38°C to 149°C.
Ground-source heat pumps: using groundwater as a heat
source in winter and a heat sink in summer. Using
resource temperatures of 4°C to 38°C the heat pump is a
device which moves heat from one place to another,
transfers heat from the soil to the house in winter and
from the house to the soil in summer. While temperatures
above ground change a lot from day to day and season to
season, temperatures in the upper 10 feet of the Earth's
surface hold nearly constant. For most areas, this means
that soil temperatures are usually warmer than the air
in winter and cooler than the air in summer. Geothermal
heat pumps use the Earth's constant temperatures to heat
and cool buildings. They transfer heat from the ground
or water into buildings in winter and reverse the
process in the summer.
Geothermal heat pumps are the most energy efficient,
environmentally clean, and cost-effective systems for
temperature control. |
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